C. pallidicornis (Kieffer 1919)

Taxonomy	Biology	Distribution

Culicoides pallidicornis Kieffer 1919: 46. TL Hungary, Rumania
(Kieffer 1919: 46. ♀, desc, fig)
(Edwards 1939: 39, 138. Notes, fig.)
(Hill 1947: 102. Biology, rearing)
(Kettle & Lawson 1952: 438. Early stages, key)
(Campbell & Pelham-Clinton 1960: 248. ♂, ♀, notes, keys, figs)
(Gutsevich 1960: 95. ♂, ♀, notes, figs)
(Smatov 1966: 86. Notes, record Kazakhstan)
(Kremer 1966: 115. ♂, ♀, notes, figs)
(Navai & Mesghali 1968: 244. Record, Iran)
(Havelka 1976: 222. Notes)
(Glukhova 1979: 198. Larva)
(Delecolle 1985: 102. ♂, ♀, notes, figs)
(Boorman 1986: 262. Notes)
(Glukhova 1989: 219. ♂, ♀, notes, figs, larva)
    = susae Kieffer
Culicoides susae Kieffer 1919: 44. TL Italy
(Kremer 1966: 122. ♀, notes)
    = dileucus Kieffer
Culicoides dileucus Kieffer 1921: 55. TL France
    = bruneiscutellatus Zilahi-Sebess
Culicoides pallidicornis var. bruneiscutellatus Zilahi-Sebess 1933: 151. TL Hungary
    = bruneoscutellatus Zilahi-Sebess
Culicoides pallidicornis var. bruneoscutellatus Zilahi-Sebess 1934: 155. TL Bulgaria
    =niger Root & Hoffman
Culicoides niger Root & Hoffman 1937: 168. TL U.S.A.

Diagnosis and Notes

Usually smaller than C. achrayi, and often difficult to distinguish from females of that species. Campbell & Pelham-Clinton (1960) showed that separation of the species allied to pallidicornis could be made by plotting the total length of the antennal flagellum to the antennal ratio. The males differ in that the posterior margin of the ninth tergite has a deep central notch. AR 1.15-1.33; SD 3,11-15.
The figures are from Glukhova (1989).